Perennials Trial Report
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
2016–2017
JC Raulston Arboretum at
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
Mark Weathington
Director
Bernadette Clark
Agricultural Research Technician
Department of Horticultural Science
JC Raulston Arboretum
Table of Contents
General Introductory Notes and Acknowledgements
Understanding Our Data
Climate Graphs
Plant Material Sources
Results
General Introductory Notes and Acknowledgements
The Perennials Trial are located adjacent to the Color Trials at NC State University within the JC Raulston Arboretum (JCRA) in Raleigh. The JCRA is a ten and a half acre site administered by the Department of Horticultural Science and located on 35° 47'N latitude, longitude 78° 42' W, with an elevation of 400'.
Plants to be entered into our trials are received in one of three ways—seeds, rooted cuttings/plugs or finished plants/pot. Virtually all are grown within controlled greenhouse environments prior to placement in protected outdoor structures for hardening off. Plant spacing in the trials is based on the estimated mature size of entrant that fits to a 4' × 4' area or by the number of plants sent. Each entry is evaluated for two complete calendar years, being removed after the spring flush in year three. After the plants are established, they are evaluated for hardiness and landscape performance with ratings regularly taken.
Acknowledgements
We thank the vegetative and seed companies that participate in our trials. The services we provide would not be possible without the cooperation and support of these companies. We appreciate this confidence and trust and we look forward to continuing our partnership.
Lastly, we are thankful to other departmental staff and the volunteers of the JC Raulston Arboretum who assisted in transplanting and maintaining the plants … we couldn't have done it without you all!
Participants
2015
Benary
Dümmen Orange
Syngenta Flowers
2016
Dümmen Orange
Syngenta Flowers
Terra Nova Nurseries
We also thank the following companies for their support of material donations:
- BASF, 26 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
- Sun Gro Horticulture, 3723 Hogshead Road, Apopka, FL 32702
Understanding Our Data
Cultural Data
Trials are conducted in amended beds. Prior to planting, beds are fertilized with 10-10-10 granular fertilizer and tilled. All plant material is mulched with composted leaf mulch to a 2"–3" depth after planting. Pre-emergent herbicides are used at the initial planting and repeated each subsequent spring/summer season. Hand weeding is done at all other times. Later in the season, a post-emergent herbicide application along the edge of the beds was done on an as needed basis. An in-ground irrigation system delivers 1"–1.5" of water to the beds each week. Plant height and width measurements (recorded in inches) are taken during the growing season. Data was collected from a representative plant, not the largest or the smallest but an average plant. Dormant plants were cut back in the fall/early winter to clean up the area and reduce overwintering habitat for insects and diseases.
Evaluations
The purpose of our perennials trial is to evaluate the plant material under conditions unique to our location. Our summer growing conditions are typically hot temperatures with high humidity. There is little nighttime temperature relief/recovery; average summer nighttime temperatures can be in the 70s. During our winters we can experience wide and rapid fluctuations in temperatures. Irrigation is required all season.
What do we look for?
- General Plant Growth – healthy appearance, attractive foliage, uniform growth
- Flowers – floriferousness, bloom duration, uniform color, does it hold up after a heavy rain
- Pests and diseases – any visible evidence of damage: distorted or chewed foliage
- Heat tolerance – do the flowers and plants hold up in the heat, does the flower color fade or stripe
- Hardiness (survival) – determined (in the spring) by the number of plants that made it through or emerged after the winter
Installation Date
Most entries were planted into their permanent trial location on:
- 2015 entries on May 12, 2015, and October 20, 2015
- 2016 entries on May 10, 2016
Entries that Did Not Survive
Died 2015
Aubrieta 'Audrey Deep Blue Shades'
Aubrieta 'Audrey Red'
Campanula 'Pearl Deep Blue'
Campanula 'Pearl White'
Dianthus 'Odessa Orange Bling Bling'
Dianthus 'Odessa Easy Pink'
Lavendula 'Blue Scent Improved'
Lavenudula 'White Scent Early'
Penstemon 'Experiemental Arabesque Magenta'
Penstemon 'Experimental Red Dwarf'
Penstemon 'Experimental Violet Dwarf'
Salvia 'Salute IceBlue'
Died 2016
Arenaria 'Summer White'
Arenaria 'Blizzard Compact'
Calendula 'Winter Wonders Amber Artic'
Calendula 'Winter Creeper Blond and Brisk'
Campanula 'Clockwise Deep Blue'
Coreopsis 'Sun Swirl'
Delphinium 'Compact Light Blue/White Bee'
Delphinium 'Compact Rose/White Bee'
Dianthus 'Sunflor Mimi'
Dianthus 'Sunflor Red Esta'
Geum 'Rustico Orange'
×Heucherella 'Happy Hour Lime'
Iberis 'Snowcone Forte'
Iberis 'Snowsurfer Forte'
Iberis 'Tahoe Improved'
Salvia 'Caramia'
Sedum 'Surrender Red'
Strobilanthese 'Brunetthy'
The best way to really evaluate our trials is to come in person. The JCRA is open 365 days a year.
Average Monthly Precipitation and Temperature
Our growing conditions during summer 2016 were hot and humid. In July and August, we experienced a prolonged period of temperatures in the 90s coupled with high humidity. Our daytime highs made no meteorological records, but, when coupled with the high humidity, many days were downright brutal with the heat index making the temperature feel in excess of 100°F.
In the month of July, our average night temperature was 72.8°F. The only night when the temperature dipped below 70°F was July 4, when the temperature was 68°F. According to the meteorologists, our high nighttime lows were the 4th highest since World War II.
The hottest temperature (99°F) occurred on July 24 and July 25. The total number of days at or above 90°F was 64, roughly 45% of our growing period. The heaviest rainfall, which was 5.9", occurred on July 17. Rain totals for the summer season exceeded the norm by 11".
The 2016 summer season was challenging due to the frequent rainfall experienced during the early months of the growing period. These conditions were ideal for the development of plant pathogens.
The 2016–2017 winter season was one long roller coaster ride. We experienced low temperatures in the teens to high temperatures in the low 80s. The entire season was made up of rapid cycles of warm temperatures followed by freezing temperatures. There was no gradual transition from cold to warm to cold at any time.
November temperatures were only slightly on the warm side. The first freezing event occurred on November 13 with a low temperature of 28°F. Our "meteorological winter" (December–February) had well above normal temperatures with February breaking historical records. In January, we had seven straight days of below freezing night temperatures with daytime highs in the 30s and 40s. Our coldest night, 11°F, was on January 9. February goes down in the weather books as the warmest in 130 years. We had three days of temperatures 80F or higher! In March, we had eight back-to-back days of sub-freezing temperatures with daytime highs in the 40s and 50s. Our March average temperatures were lower than those in February.
The rain total for October was 10.45" when Hurricane Matthew devastated our state! November was a very dry month (0.39") making November 2016 the 9th driest since 1887. The reminder of the season was on the dry side, with January and March closest to the norm.
Seed and Plant Material Sources
Benary, 267 Osprey Drive, Pell City, Alabama, 35128
Dümmen Orange, 15245 W. Telegraph Road, Santa Paula, CA 93060
Syngenta Flowers, 6899 Winchester Circle, Suite 102, Boulder, CO 80301
Terra Nova Nurseries, 10051 S. Macksburg Road, Canby, OR 97013
Please get in touch with these companies if you have specific questions regarding individual species and cultivars.
Trial Results
Perennials Planted in 2015
Aubrieta
Audrey Deep Blue rock cress
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.
Aubrieta
Audrey Red rock cress
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died winter 2015-2016.

Campanula carpatica
Pearl Deep Blue Carpathian harebell
- Company
- Benary
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died winter 2015-2016.

Campanula carpatica
Pearl White Carpathian harebell
- Company
- Benary
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Campanula portenschlagiana
Clockwise Deep Blue dalmatian bellflower
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died early June 2016.

Coreopsis grandiflora
Andiamo Yellow Red tickseed
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 16"
- Spread
- 19"
- Number Planted
- 9
- Survival
- 55.5%
Comments
Flowers are a bright yellow color; bloomed from late May through the end of August; flowers covered plants.

Coreopsis
Leading Lady Charlize tickseed
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 19"
- Spread
- 26"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Plant forms a small mound; double flowers; flowers have frilly petals; flowers are a clear yellow color; bloomed from May to early October.

Coreopsis
Leading Lady Lauren tickseed
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 12.5"
- Spread
- 23.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Plant forms a small mound; single flowers are a clear yellow color; bloomed from late May to early October.

Dianthus
Kahori pink
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 12.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Attractive shape, nice and tidy; low growing mounds of green foliage with beautiful pink flowers that cover the plant; bloomed from May through late November; in year 2 the mounds knitted together.

Dianthus
Odessa Bling Bling carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Dianthus
Odessa Easy Pink carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Dianthus
Odessa Orange Bling Bling carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Dianthus
Odessa Pierrot carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 6"
- Spread
- 13"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Interesting double flowers that are deep red with light pink edge color; bloomed mid-March through early January; mounding plant habit.

Dianthus
Odessa Pure carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 8.5"
- Spread
- 15"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Low growing, mounding plant habit with silver-green foliage; attractive clear white flowers; bloomed May through early January.

Dianthus
Odessa Red carnation
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Echinacea purpurea
Prairie Splendor Compact Rose coneflower
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 11.5"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 25%
Comments
Compact plant habit; large flowers are a rosy-pink color; bloomed June thru July then again September to late November.
Iberis sempervirens
Tahoe candytuft
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
The lone survivor died early July 2016.

Lavandula angustifolia
Blue Scent Early lavender
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.
Lavandula angustifolia
White Scent Early lavender
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 9
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.
Penstemon hartwegii
Experimental Arabesque Magenta beardtongue
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.
Penstemon hartwegii
Experimental Arabesque Red Dwarf beardtongue
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.
Penstemon hartwegii
Experimental Arabesque Violet Dwarf beardtongue
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 12
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Phlox paniculata
Early Light Pink garden phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 12"
- Spread
- 13"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact clumps of green; great flower power; flower color is a pale pink with a dark purple center; bloomed end May through early September.

Phlox paniculata
Early White garden phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 9.5"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact clumps of green; flower color is a pure, clean looking white; bloomed mid-June through July.

Phlox subulata
Spring Blue moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 6"
- Spread
- 18"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; great flower power; bloomed October to mid-February; flowers are soft blue with a dark blue center- there are some plants with bare spots in the crown.

Phlox subulata
Spring Dark Pink moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 6.5"
- Spread
- 34"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; great flower power- plants are totally covered with color; has got spring WOW!; flower color is a deep pink; bloomed July then again mid-October through late spring.

Phlox subulata
Spring Lavender moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 7"
- Spread
- 28.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; flowers are pale purple and located mainly around the edge of the plants; great flower power; bloomed sporadically July and August then again November to late spring.

Phlox subulata
Spring Light Pink moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 16.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; bloomed March thru April 2016; flowers are pink with a deep pink center.

Phlox subulata
Spring Purple moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 16"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; great flower power- plants are totally covered with color; has got spring WOW!; bloomed November to late spring; flowers are purple.

Phlox subulata
Spring White moss phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 7"
- Spread
- 28"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact mound of green needle-like foliage; great flower power; has got spring WOW!; flower color is pure white-very few bare spots in the crown; bloomed mid-March to early May.

Phlox 'Barphlearpideye'
Early Pink Dark Eye garden phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 15"
- Spread
- 11"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact clumps of green; great flower power; bloomed June to early September; flowers are light pink with a dark pink center.

Phlox 'Barphlopanearpur'
Early Purple garden phlox
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 9"
- Spread
- 10.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; tight compact clumps of green; great flower power; bloomed late May to early November; flowers are purple.

Salvia
Salute Deep Blue sage
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 12.5"
- Spread
- 20"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Short, uniform, well branched plants; prolific bloomer; flowers are a dark blue color; bloomed from late April to early December.
Salvia
Salute Ice Blue sage
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Died Winter 2015-2016.

Salvia
Salute Pink sage
- Company
- Dümmen Orange
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 10.5"
- Spread
- 15"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Compact, well branched plants; attractive spikes of pink flowers; bloomed from late April to September; only one survivor.

Sedum spurium
Solarity stonecrop
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 19.5"
- Number Planted
- 9
- Survival
- 55.5%
Comments
Groundcover that tightly hugs the ground; green fleshy leaves turn a beautiful crimson red in the winter; no flowers.

Sedum telephium
Surrender Red common orpine
- Company
- Syngenta Flowers
- Year Planted
- 2015
- Height
- 6.5"
- Spread
- 12.5"
- Number Planted
- 9
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Very compact, well branched plants; flowers are a deep rose/red color; bloomed sporadically in August, died September 2016 (possibly due to heavy rains).
Perennials Planted in 2016

Aquilegia caerulea
Experimental Origami Dark Blue/White Improved columbine
- Company
- Experimental Origami Dark Blue/White Improved columbine
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7.5"
- Spread
- 11"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Formed nice sized clumps that withstood the heat until late August; flowers are white center petals surrounded by deep blue reflexed petals.

Aquilegia caerulea
Experimental Origami Light Blue/White Improved columbine
- Company
- Experimental Origami Light Blue/White Improved columbine
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6"
- Spread
- 9.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Formed small sized clumps that withstood the heat until late August; attractive bicolored flowers-white center petals surrounded by light blue/lavender reflexed petals; flowered late July to mid-August.

Aquilegia caerulea
Experimental Origami Red/White Improved columbine
- Company
- Experimental Origami Red/White Improved columbine
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 8"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Formed nice sized clumps that withstood the heat until late August; flower are white center petals surrounded by red reflexed petals.

Aquilegia caerulea
Experimental Origami Rose/White Improved columbine
- Company
- Experimental Origami Rose/White Improved columbine
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7"
- Spread
- 9.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Formed nice sized clumps that withstood the heat; attractive bicolored flowers-center of pale pink petals with deep rose reflexed petals; flowered early August.

Aquilegia caerulea
Experimental Origami Yellow Improved columbine
- Company
- Experimental Origami Yellow Improved columbine
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7.5"
- Spread
- 8.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Formed nice sized clumps that withstood the heat; Attractive light yellow flowers; flowered sporadically in August to early September then again in April.
Arenaria montana
Blizzard Compact mountain sandwort
- Company
- Blizzard Compact mountain sandwort
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3.5"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 7
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by mid-July.
Arenaria montana
Summer White mountain sandwort
- Company
- Summer White mountain sandwort
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Small plant covered in small white flowers; Never established; dead by late August.

Bergenia
Experimental Dark Leaf Rose bergenia
- Company
- Experimental Dark Leaf Rose bergenia
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 2.5"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
These plants have struggled to survive; Pale pink flower on one plant; Attractive fall /winter foliage- leaves turn a reddish purple; large oval shaped leaves.

Calendula '20123-5d'
Winter Creeper Blond & Brisk calendula
- Company
- Winter Creeper Blond & Brisk calendula
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4.5"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by late July.
Calendula '20123-72d'
Winter Wonders Amber Arctic calendula
- Company
- Winter Wonders Amber Arctic calendula
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 2
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by late June.

Coreopsis grandiflora
Sun Swirl tickseed
- Company
- Sun Swirl tickseed
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Attractive double golden colored flowers; Flowered sporadically from June to late July; Died by mid-October; late season rain??

Delosperma 'Wowdw7'
Wheels of Wonder White Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder White Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 14.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 33.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers- clear, white petals with yellow center; flowered from May to mid-November.

Delospermum 'Wowd20111'
Wheels of Wonder Golden Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder Golden Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3.5"
- Spread
- 10.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers- clear, bright yellow petals with matching center; flowered from May to late-November.

Delospermum 'Wowday2
Wheels of Wonder Fire Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder Fire Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 10"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers- clear, orange petals with bright yellow center; flowered from May to mid-November.

Delospermum 'Wowdoy3'
Wheels of Wonder Orange Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder Orange Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3"
- Spread
- 6.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers- clear, orange petals with yellow center; Longest blooming- flowered from May to early December.

Delospermum 'Wowodrw5'
Wheels of Wonder Violet Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder Violet Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers- clear, magenta petals with white center; flowered from May to late-November.

Delospermum 'Wowodry11'
Wheels of Wonder Hot Pink Wonder ice plant
- Company
- Wheels of Wonder Hot Pink Wonder ice plant
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3.5"
- Spread
- 8.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; Attractive ground cover; interesting foliage-evergreen, long, green, cylindrical leaves; Daisy-like flowers-bright pink petals with yellow center; flowered from May to mid-November.

Delphinium elatum
Compact Light Blue/White Bee perennial larkspur
- Company
- Compact Light Blue/White Bee perennial larkspur
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9.5"
- Spread
- 4.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Attractive bicolor flowers; dead by mid-July.
Delphinium elatum
Compact Rose/White Bee perennial larkspur
- Company
- Compact Rose/White Bee perennial larkspur
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by early July.

Dianthus
Beauties Doutzen pink
- Company
- Beauties Doutzen pink
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6.5"
- Spread
- 7.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, low mounding, tidy plant habit; narrow silver-green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Single flowers are a light pink to white in color; flowered from June through the first of January.

Dianthus
Beauties Kate pink
- Company
- Beauties Kate pink
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 4.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, low growing, mounding plant habit; narrow green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Single fringed five-petal flowers are a bright pink color; flowered from May through late November.

Dianthus
Beauties Naomi pink
- Company
- Beauties Naomi pink
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, mounding, tidy plant habit; narrow silvery-green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Single five-petal flowers are a pink color; flowered from June through late November.

Dianthus
Odessa Aston carnation
- Company
- Odessa Aston carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6"
- Spread
- 8"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, compact mounds of silver evergreen foliage; semi-double five-petal flowers are a bright pink color; flowered from late-July through early December.
Dianthus
Olivia Beetle carnation
- Company
- Olivia Beetle carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Uniform, low mounding plant habit; green leaves; Evergreen foliage; flowers are a purple color; flowered from June through late November; most plants had major dead areas.

Dianthus
Olivia Cherry carnation
- Company
- Olivia Cherry carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5.5"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, tidy ground hugging plant habit; green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Bicolored flowers are a dark red with bright pink centers and edges; flowered from May through early December.

Dianthus
Olivia Sweet carnation
- Company
- Olivia Sweet carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 4.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 50%
Comments
Uniform, petite mounding plant habit; green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Bicolored flowers are a dark red with clear white centers and edges; flowered from May through early December.

Dianthus
Sunflor Desire carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Desire carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 6.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; narrow silvery-green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Double flowers are a deep red color; flowered from June through late November; most plants have major dead areas.

Dianthus
Sunflor Dynamite carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Dynamite carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; narrow deep green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Double flowers are a velvety red color; As the name says, there is an explosion of flowers that cover the plant; flowered from June through late November.

Dianthus
Sunflor Jaguar carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Jaguar carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3"
- Spread
- 4.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 33.3%
Comments
Uniform, small mounding plant habit; narrow green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Bicolored flowers are red with deep red, almost black, centers; flowered sporadically from May to June, then again in November.

Dianthus
Sunflor Maserati carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Maserati carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3.5"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Uniform, small mounding plant habit; narrow green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Double flowers are an orange red color; flowered from May through early November; only one plant has survived.

Dianthus
Sunflor Mimi carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Mimi carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; narrow green leaves; never flowered; dead by mid-July.
Dianthus
Sunflor Red Esta carnation
- Company
- Sunflor Red Esta carnation
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; narrow green leaves; bicolored flowers are red with white edges; flowered sporadically from June to July; Died Winter 2017.

Gaillardia pulchella
SpinTop Yellow Touch blanket flower
- Company
- SpinTop Yellow Touch blanket flower
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6.5"
- Spread
- 6"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Low maintenance; attractive red flowers with a yellow rim; flowered from July to December; uniform, compact neat plant habit; lots of flowers; pollinators loved it.

Geum
Rustico Orange geum
- Company
- Rustico Orange geum
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 11"
- Spread
- 14"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Beautiful large green leaves formed attractive mounds; heat at the end of August - September caused these plants to die.

Heuchera americana
Marvelous Marble Silver coral bells
- Company
- Marvelous Marble Silver coral bells
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4.5"
- Spread
- 7.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 33.3%
Comments
These plants have struggled to survive; Attractive foliage with changing leaf color- in winter leaves are purple going to green with dark reddish veins as the seasons progress.

Heucherella
Plum Cascade foamybells
- Company
- Plum Cascade foamybells
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
These plants did not thrive in our conditions- only one survivor, a continuous season long decline; All but 1 dead by December, Small leaves are a dark purple almost black color.
Heucherella 'Tnherhhl'
Happy Hour Lime foamybells
- Company
- Happy Hour Lime foamybells
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by September; Eye catching, bright, clear-green foliage; full sun was too much for the plants.
Iberis sempervirens
Snow Cone Forte candytuft
- Company
- Snow Cone Forte candytuft
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by late June.
Iberis sempervirens
Snowsurfer Forte candytuft
- Company
- Snowsurfer Forte candytuft
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dead by early July.

Lavandula angustifolia
Aromatico Autumn Blue lavender
- Company
- Aromatico Autumn Blue lavender
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7.5"
- Spread
- 3.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 16.6%
Comments
Tight, well-branched growth; Silver evergreen foliage; dark purple flowers- flowered from mid-June thru July then again from mid-September thru November; has struggled.

Lavender stoechas
Experimental Javelin Winter Hardy Lilac lavender
- Company
- Experimental Javelin Winter Hardy Lilac lavender
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9.5"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, tight, well-branched growth; dead centers on some of the plants; silvery-green foliage; loaded with purple flowers- flowered from May thru June.

Lavender stoechas
Javelin Forte Deep Purple lavender
- Company
- Javelin Forte Deep Purple lavender
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9.5"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, tight, well-branched growth; Green foliage; dead centers on some of the plants; loaded with flowers- flowered from May thru mid-July then again from October thru mid-November; nice contrast of deep purple flowers against green foliage.

Leucanthemum maximum
Western Star Taurus Shasta daisy
- Company
- Western Star Taurus Shasta daisy
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7"
- Spread
- 14"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Low maintenance; attractive deep green foliage; plants are uniform and compact; large flower head-clear white petals with yellow center; flowered from mid-June to late August and again the month of December.

Monarda (MO 011)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 12"
- Spread
- 13.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Powdery mildew a late season problem- Heavy; In spring 2017 the new growth formed a heavy spreading mat; attractive pink colored spider shaped flowers; flowered from end of July to early September; pollinator friendly.

Monarda (MO 013)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6.5"
- Spread
- 10"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Powdery mildew a late season problem- Heavy; In spring 2017 the new growth formed a heavy spreading mat; attractive red colored spider shaped flowers; flowered from August to end of October; pollinator friendly.

Monarda (MO 014)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 11.5"
- Spread
- 15.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Powdery mildew a late season problem- Moderate; In spring 2017 there was both matting with some clumping at the base of the original plant; attractive lavender-purple colored spider shaped flowers; flowered from August to Nov.; pollinator friendly.

Monarda (MO 015)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 6"
- Spread
- 6.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Last of the monardas to show powdery mildew- Light to Moderate; In spring 2017 new growth formed in a tight mound at the base of the original plant; attractive red colored spider shaped flowers; flowered from mid-July to mid-November.; pollinator friendly.

Monarda (MO 017)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 5.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Last of the monardas to show powdery mildew- Light; In spring 2017 new growth formed in a large mound at the base of the original plant; attractive deep purple colored spider shaped flowers; flowered from August to mid-November; pollinator friendly.

Monarda (MO 021)
monarda
- Company
- monarda
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 5"
- Spread
- 4.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Last of the monardas to show powdery mildew- Light to Moderate; In spring 2017 the new growth formed a light spreading mat; attractive red colored spider shaped flowers; pollinator friendly.
Perovskia
Mini Blue Russian sage
- Company
- Mini Blue Russian sage
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 4.5"
- Spread
- 6"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Silvery colored foliage; small purple flowers; flowered from mid-August to mid-October; all dead by December.

Phlox paniculata
Early Cerise garden phlox
- Company
- Early Cerise garden phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Sprawling, dark green foliage; flowers are a deep pink color; flowered from July to early October.

Phlox paniculata
Early White garden phlox
- Company
- Early White garden phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 8"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Sprawling, dark green foliage; Evergreen foliage; flowers are a crisp, clean white color; flowered from June to early November.

Phlox stolonifera
Sweet Seduction Blue creeping phlox
- Company
- Sweet Seduction Blue creeping phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 2"
- Spread
- 4"
- Number Planted
- 7
- Survival
- 71.4%
Comments
Flat to the ground, green leafed groundcover; Leaves are small and round shaped- giving an interesting texture; flowers are a lavender/pale blue; didn't flowered until February 2017.

Phlox stolonifera
Sweet Seduction Pink creeping phlox
- Company
- Sweet Seduction Pink creeping phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 2"
- Spread
- 3.5"
- Number Planted
- 9
- Survival
- 77.7%
Comments
Flat to the ground, green leafed groundcover; Leaves are small and round shaped- giving an interesting texture; flowers are a light pink color; didn't flowered until February 2017.

Phlox subulata
Flame Red moss phlox
- Company
- Flame Red moss phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9.5"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; flowers are a red color; flowered from mid-July thru October.

Phlox
Early Pink Blush garden phlox
- Company
- Early Pink Blush garden phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 10.5"
- Spread
- 9"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Sprawling, dark green foliage; flowers are a light pink color with a dark eye; flowered from late-June to late-November.

Phlox
Multi Confetti Early 1 phlox
- Company
- Multi Confetti Early 1 phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 8"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; Multi Confetti Early 1 is a mix of light pink with dark eye and deep pink colored flowers; flowered from mid-July to mid-October.

Phlox
Multi Confetti Flame 1 phlox
- Company
- Multi Confetti Flame 1 phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 9"
- Spread
- 5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; Multi Confetti Flame 1 is a mix of white, pink, and coral colored flowers; flowered from mid-July to October.

Phlox
Multi Confetti Spring 1 phlox
- Company
- Multi Confetti Spring 1 phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 3"
- Spread
- 9.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; needle-like green leaves; Evergreen foliage; Multi Confetti Spring 1 is a mix of pink and white colored flowers; flowered from late October to late spring.

Phlox paniculata 'Barfourteen'
Purple Flame garden phlox
- Company
- Purple Flame garden phlox
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 7.5"
- Spread
- 6"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 83.3%
Comments
Uniform, mounding plant habit; flowers are a dark purple color; flowered from late-June thru mid-October.
Salvia
Caramia sage
- Company
- Caramia sage
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Number Planted
- 8
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Never established; dark purple flower color; flowered end of May to early June; dead by July.

Salvia
Multi Confetti Salute sage
- Company
- Multi Confetti Salute sage
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 10.5"
- Spread
- 12"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 66.6%
Comments
Low maintenance; Combination of Salute Pink, S. Deep Blue and S. Ice Blue - unfortunately Salute Deep Blue faded out from the mix early in the season; Flowered from July to December.

Strobilanthes anisophyllus 'Lankveld15'
Brunetthy Persian shield
- Company
- Brunetthy Persian shield
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 10"
- Spread
- 8.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 0%
Comments
Low maintenance; compact growth habit; Beautiful dark purple colored foliage; never flowered; Survived until the first hard freeze in mid November.

Veronica
Snow Candles veronica
- Company
- Snow Candles veronica
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 2.5"
- Spread
- 7"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Interesting flower shape- tapered, triangular shaped; long white flower heads; Symmetrical, prostrate, green large leaves; formed uniform clumps.

Veronica
Venture Blue veronica
- Company
- Venture Blue veronica
- Year Planted
- 2016
- Height
- 1.5"
- Spread
- 6.5"
- Number Planted
- 6
- Survival
- 100%
Comments
Attractive winter color- purple colored foliage; dense, symmetrical, uniform, prostrate clumps; narrow leaves; flowers are above the foliage; triangular shaped purple colored flower heads that are very sturdy.